How does APC regulate beta-catenin?

The adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) tumor suppressor protein plays a critical role in regulating cellular levels of the oncogene product β-catenin. APC binds to β-catenin through a series of homologous 15 and 20 amino acid repeats.

Does APC inhibit beta-catenin?

The tumor suppressor adenomatous polyposis coli, APC, plays a critical role in regulating the growth, proliferation, and differentiation of cells in different tissues, including the colon.

What is the role of APC in the Wnt pathway?

APC participates in a cytoplasmic complex that promotes the destruction of the transcriptional licensing factor β-catenin; APC mutations that abolish this function trigger constitutive activation of the canonical WNT signaling pathway, a characteristic found in almost all colorectal cancers.

Why is APC a tumor suppressor?

APC is classified as a tumor suppressor gene. Tumor suppressor genes prevent the uncontrolled growth of cells that may result in cancerous tumors. The protein made by the APC gene plays a critical role in several cellular processes that determine whether a cell may develop into a tumor.

What happens when APC is mutated?

People with mutations in the APC gene have familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) or attenuated FAP (AFAP). You have an increased chance to develop multiple gastrointestinal polyps, colorectal cancer, and possibly other cancers. There are risk management options to detect cancer early or lower the risk to develop cancer.

What happens to the Wnt signaling when APC is lost?

APC loss impairs Wnt-induced destruction complex reorientation. Given that the β-catenin destruction complex localized toward a Wnt-bead in CRC cell lines with wild-type APC but was impaired in cells with truncated APC, we hypothesized that destruction complex localization requires full-length APC.

What is beta-catenin pathway?

The canonical Wnt pathway (or Wnt/β-catenin pathway) is the Wnt pathway that causes an accumulation of β-catenin in the cytoplasm and its eventual translocation into the nucleus to act as a transcriptional coactivator of transcription factors that belong to the TCF/LEF family.

What does APC gene stand for?

Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) also known as deleted in polyposis 2.5 (DP2. 5) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APC gene. The APC protein is a negative regulator that controls beta-catenin concentrations and interacts with E-cadherin, which are involved in cell adhesion.

What does APC stand for in biology?

Professional antigen presenting cells (APCs) are immune cells that specialize in presenting an antigen to a T-cell. The main types of professional APCs are dendritic cells (DC), macrophages, and B cells.

Is APC a scaffold protein?

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC) is a +TIP protein, which promotes microtubule assembly, and has been studied extensively for its roles in biology and disease. Structurally, APC is a large scaffold protein with binding sites for multiple protein partners (Figure S1A).

How is beta catenin activated?

Recent analysis of Wnt pathway components in blood vessels revealed that the canonical Wnt–β-catenin pathway is present in vascular cells activated by a vascular lesion or an ischemia event, and this pathway appears to regulate vascular smooth muscle proliferation and apoptosis.