What is the function of microsatellite DNA?

​Microsatellite These DNA sequences are typically non-coding. The number of repeated segments within a microsatellite sequence often varies among people, which makes them useful as polymorphic markers for studying inheritance patterns in families or for creating a DNA fingerprint from crime scene samples.

How are microsatellites detected?

The most common way to detect microsatellites is to design PCR primers that are unique to one locus in the genome and the base pair on either side of the repeated portion (Fig. 18.1).

How can microsatellites be used for DNA genotyping?

Microsatellites or STRs are repetitive co-dominant sequences of 2–6 bp of DNA that are present throughout the entire genome. They are often used for identification or fingerprinting of DNA. Microsatellites are amplified by PCR using fluorescently labeled primers and the amplicons are separated using CE.

What is the purpose of PCR in microsatellite genotyping?

PCR was used for amplification of microsatellite. This technique can increase the rate of mutations in the genome by errors during amplification that is known as PCR noise [19].

What is microsatellite analysis?

Microsatellite marker analysis involves PCR amplification of the microsatellite loci using fluorescently labeled primers that flank the repeated sequence. The labeled PCR products are then analyzed by CE to separate the amplicons by size.

What is meant by microsatellite?

Listen to pronunciation. (MY-kroh-SA-teh-lite) A short sequence of DNA, usually 1 to 4 basepairs (a unit of DNA), that is repeated together in a row along the DNA molecule. There is variation from person to person in the number of repeats.

Are SNPs better than microsatellites?

Conclusion. We demonstrate that SNPs have three main advantages over microsatellites: more precise estimates of population-level diversity, higher power to identify groups in clustering methods, and the ability to consider local adaptation.

What is agarose gel electrophoresis?

Agarose gel electrophoresis is one of the most common electrophoresis technique which is relatively simple and straightforward to perform but possesses great resolving power. The agarose gel consists of microscopic pores that act as a molecular sieve which separates molecules based upon the charge, size and shape.

What is the percentage of DNA in agarose gel?

The most common agarose gel concentration for separating dyes or DNA fragments is 0.8%. However, some experiments require agarose gels with a higher percentage, such as 1% or 1.5%. Size of DNA molecule The sieving properties of the agarose gel influence the rate at which a molecule migrates.

What is the cost of microsatellite genotyping?

(2011)have published an outstanding analysis of current trends in microsatellite genotyping. Several aspects are reviewed, including the overall cost of SSR genotyping as a function of the degree of multiplexing and the number of genotyped samples. For instance, the most widely cited commercial kit has a cost per sample of 1.88.

How do you electrophoresis a gel?

After the gel solidifies, the gel is submerged in a buffer-filled electrophoresis chamber which contains a positive electrode (anode) at one end, and a negative electrode (cathode) at the other. The volume of the buffer should not be greater than 1/3 of the electrophoresis chamber.