What is Battledore cord insertion?

In Battledore placenta, the umbilical cord is attached to the placental margin (1) also known as marginal insertion of umbilical cord.

What causes velamentous?

Causes and Risk Factors No one knows what causes velamentous cord insertion, but researchers have identified several risk factors. It happens more often in pregnancies involving twins. It occurs in about 1% of pregnancies resulting in one child but in almost 9% of twin pregnancies.

What is marginal PCI?

Marginal PCI was defined as a distance of 2cm from placental edge to PCI site, visualized in both sagittal and transverse planes, and diagnosed between 16 and 32weeks. Velamentous PCI were excluded. The primary outcome was SGA, defined as birth- weight below 10th percentile for gestational age.

How is Velamentous cord diagnosed?

How is velamentous cord insertion diagnosed? Your practitioner would likely diagnose velamentous cord insertion based on ultrasound images of the placenta and umbilical cord — usually during the second trimester. (In some cases, your doctor may detect it in first trimester scans.)

What is the difference between marginal cord insertion and Velamentous?

A marginal cord insertion is where this distance is reduced to a minimum, but the insertion site is supported by very little placental tissue. Velamentous insertion of the umbilical cord has been associated with an increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes [1]–[3].

What is placenta PPT?

PLACENTA  This is a fetomaternal organ.  It has two components: o Fetal part – develops from the chorionic frondosum o Maternal part – derived from the decidua  The placenta and the umbilical cord are a transport system for substances between the mother and the fetus.

What causes bipartite placenta?

Usually in singleton pregnancy, there is one placenta and one cord. But bilobed placenta is thought to result from localized atrophy as a result of poor decidualization and vascularization in a part of the uterus2. Usually it is associated with velamentous insertion of cord.

What is Wharton’s jelly and its function?

As its name suggests, Wharton’s Jelly is a gelatinous substance. Its main function is to insulate and protect the umbilical cord in the womb. Wharton’s Jelly is named after the 17th-century English anatomist who first discovered it, Thomas Wharton.

What is the primary function of Wharton’s jelly?

The key role of Wharton’s jelly is to provide cushion, protection, and structural support to umbilical vessels by preventing their compression, torsion, and bending [15].

What is a placenta Succenturiata?

Placenta succenturiate is a morphological abnormality of the placenta where one or more of the lobes are present outside the placental body. These can have different sizes and are connected by blood vessels to the main placenta.

What is a Circumvallate placenta?

Circumvallate placenta is a form of extrachorial placenta, with a raised placental margin in an annular shape. The chorionic plate is smaller than the basal plate, and misalignment between them causes hematoma retention in the placental margin.