What is fundus autofluorescence imaging?

Fundus autofluorescence (FAF) is a non-invasive imaging modality that has become increasingly popular in both research and clinical settings due to its ability to map naturally and pathologically occurring fluorophores in the posterior pole.

What is autofluorescence Ophthalmology?

Autofluorescence Imaging(FAF) is the concept of using naturally occurring fluorescence from the retina to provide an indicator of RPE (layer of the retina) health. Illuminating the retina with blue light causes certain cellular components to “glow” without injecting any dye.

What is Hypoautofluorescence?

Hypofluorescence. Hypofluorescence is the reduction or absence of normal fluorescence. Hypofluorescence is caused by either blockage of the normal fluorescence pattern or abnormalities in choroidal or retinal vascular perfusion.

What is an autofluorescence test?

Fundus autofluorescence is a non-invasive diagnostic test that involves taking digital photographs of the back of the eye without a contrast dye.

What causes autofluorescence?

Cellular autofluorescence can be due to the presence of collagen and elastin, cyclic ring compounds such as NADPH and riboflavin, aromatic amino acids and cellular organelles such as mitochondria and lysosomes.

How do I check autofluorescence?

The level of autofluorescence can be determined using unstained controls. As there is less autofluorescence at longer light wavelengths, fluorophores which emit above 600 nm will have less autofluorescence interference. The use of a very bright fluorophore will also reduce the impact of autofluorescence.

What are the three types of Ophthalmic imaging?

In the past two decades eye care has seen the emergence of three major technologies for diagnostic imaging of the posterior segment of the eye: Scanning Laser Polarimetry (SLP), Confocal Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy (CSLO), and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT).

How do I fix autofluorescence?

Use fluorophores that emit in a wavelength further from the autofluorescence compounds in your sample. Typically, far-red wavelength fluorophores such as CoralLite 647 are best for this. Commercially available reagents such as TrueVIEW (VectorLabs), have been shown to reduce autofluorescence from multiple causes.

How do I stop autofluorescence?

5 Tips to Reduce Autofluorescence

1. Use a lower concentration of FCS in the staining buffer.
2. Remove dead cells & other debris.
3. Lyse RBCs properly & remove lysed contents.
4. Lower PFA concentration & avoid storing cells in PFA for long durations.
5. Make the right fluorochrome choices.

What causes tissue autofluorescence?

Tissue autofluorescence is often due to components native to tissue. These include flavins, porphyrins, chlorophyll (in plants), collagen, elastin, RBCs, and lipofuscin. These components are generally fluorescent in the green and yellow portions of the visible spectrum.

Is retinal imaging the same as OCT?

The images taken by OCT are quite different than those taken by digital retinal imaging, but they are no less effective, and are used to detect different symptoms. What an OCT scan allows an optometrist to do is to observe the different layers of the retina. It also enables them to discern the thickness of the retina.

Is fundus part of stomach?

The fundus is a rounded section next to the cardia. It’s below your diaphragm (the dome-shaped muscle that helps you breathe). The body (corpus) is the largest section of your stomach. In the body, your stomach contracts and begins to mix food.

What is fundus autofluorescence?

Introduction Fundus autofluorescence (FAF) is a relatively new, non-invasive imaging modality that has been developed over the past decade. The FAF images are obtained through the use of confocal laser scanning ophthalmoscopy (cSLO).

What causes fundus autofluorescence in recessive Stargardt disease?

Photoreceptor cells as a source of fundus autofluorescence in recessive Stargardt disease. J Neurosci Res. 2019;97:98–106. [PMC free article][PubMed] [Google Scholar]

What is a fundus camera?

Fundus camera. In contrast, “The fundus camera shows a summation of fluorescence from the fundus and consequently can image fluorescence from the retina and RPE at the same time,” said Dr. Spaide. “The signal strength is sufficiently powerful so that only one photograph needs to be taken, instead of averaging images over time.”

What does the fundus photograph tell us about the retina?

While the surrounding retina appears mostly normal on the fundus photograph, FAF gives additional information by showing increased FAF intensity in a fine granular pattern extending beyond the geographic atrophy (GA) junctional zone. This pattern has been shown to increase the likelihood of GA progression.